Diabetes
Diabetes
What Is Diabetes?
It is important to first understand how your body processes sugar.
Those with diabetes have blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels that are too high. When you eat, the glucose (sugar) from the food is transferred to your cells in order to provide energy. For this to happen, your body releases a hormone called insulin that helps process the glucose. When your body does not make enough insulin, or isn’t able to use insulin properly, the sugar stays in your blood. Over time this can lead to serious complications such as kidney damage or blindness. Uncontrolled diabetes can also contribute to heart disease, stroke, and even the loss of a limb. In severe cases, it may even cause seizures and coma.
Three Main Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes: In type 1 diabetes, the body does not make insulin. Many type 1 diabetics have to take insulin shots to help their bodies process glucose.
Type 2 Diabetes: type 2 diabetes is more common. With type 2 diabetes, the body does make insulin, but it does not make enough insulin, or it is unable to efficiently use insulin.
Gestational Diabetes: Pregnant women, even those who were not diabetic before their pregnancy, may have diabetes. About 18 percent of pregnant women develop gestational diabetes.
You may have also heard the term “prediabetes.” While this is technically not diabetes, it does indicate that blood glucose levels are higher than normal. If left untreated, prediabetes can turn into type 2 diabetes. Even prediabetes can cause long-term damage to your body. The good news is your physician can work with you to develop a health treatment plan that can delay or even prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
Risk Factors
You may be at risk of diabetes if:
- You are over 45
- You have a family history of diabetes
- You are overweight
- You do not exercise regularly
- You have high blood pressure, high cholesterol or high triglycerides (the amount of sugar in blood.)
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